Its purpose is to remove the stigma attached to self-injury and to encourage parents, family members, educators, and healthcare professionals to recognize the signs of self-harm. Dom Augustine Calmet, a well-respected French theologian and scholar, put together a comprehensive treatise in 1746, which was ambiguous concerning the existence of vampires. In Croatia, Slovenia, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia, a type of vampire called pijavica, which literally translates to "leech", is used to describe a vampire who has led an evil and sinful life as a human and in turn, becomes a powerfully strong, cold-blooded killer. A cross made of pig bone could be placed at the entrance of a church on Easter Sunday, rendering any shtriga inside unable to leave. If you mean vampire as in ヴァンパイア, you can hear a native pronouncing it in forvo. It wanders around animating dead bodies at night, attacking the living much like a ghoul. Trinity Blood. [33] Crosses and antidoron (blessed bread) from the church were used as wards in different places. The Betal is described as an undead creature who, like the bat associated with modern-day vampirism, hangs upside down on trees found on cremation grounds and cemeteries. There are also legends about Estries, female vampires of Jewish folklore that were believed to prey on Hebrew citizens. — 1890. Similarly, dead strigoi were described as reanimated corpses that also sucked blood and attacked their living family. The kappas operated from the edge of the water in which they lived. They returned from the grave as vampires who could transform themselves into black cats and attack their murderers. The controversy only ceased when Empress Maria Theresa of Austria sent her personal physician, Gerhard van Swieten, to investigate the claims of vampiric entities. [2], In India, tales of vetalas, ghoul-like beings that inhabit corpses, are found in old Sanskrit folklore. [79], The Loogaroo is an example of how a vampire belief can result from a combination of beliefs, here a mixture of French and African Vodu or voodoo. In northern India, there is the BrahmarākŞhasa, a vampire-like creature with a head encircled by intestines and a skull from which … Ancient Greek mythology contains several precursors to modern vampires, though none were considered undead; these included the Empusa,[16] Lamia,[17] and striges (the strix of Ancient Roman mythology). Actually, I have gone there before once, and I loved the gothic decorations of its interior design. Dracula's Army is an antagonistic military force under Lord Dracula's command that appears in the Castlevania animated series. "[62], One of the earliest recordings of vampire activity came from the region of Istria in modern Croatia, in 1672. What's the Japanese word for vampire? As Otoyo, the cat began to sap the life out of the prince each night while guards strangely fell asleep. Filed under Lifestyle , Polls Weblio recently published a self-serving survey into Japanese women’s views on international love , although given the sample group, the results here should not be used to extrapolate to the whole Japanese population. Incest, especially between mother and son, is one of the ways in which a pijavica can be created, and then it usually comes back to victimize its former family, who can only protect their homes by placing mashed garlic and wine at their windows and thresholds to keep it from entering. Shtriga is a vampiric witch in traditional Albanian folklore that sucks the blood of infants at night while they sleep, and then turns into a flying insect (traditionally a moth, fly or bee). Likewise, a settlement could be protected by finding twins who could also see the vampire outdoors at night, who would have to flee immediately after they spotted it.[70]. Some years later the director of Kyuketsuki Ga worked on another film, Onna Kyuketsuki (1959), which told of a real vampire who kidnapped the wife of an atomic scientist. While the creature of this story isn’t technically a vampire, he has a vampiric taste for blood that would rival that of any undead. Appearances vary between many vampires, so much so that telling them apart from humans can be difficult if their unique features aren't easily visible. More people died from suicide in Japan in October than succumbed to Covid-19 all year. In Spain there are several traditions about beings with vampiric tendencies. [52] Some traditions spoke of "living vampires" or "people with two souls", a kind of witch capable of leaving its body and engaging in harmful and vampiric activity while sleeping. [98], Folklorist and scholar Stith Thompson noted two tale types that closely resemble legends about vampires:[99][100]. [10] Lilitu (or the Lilitu spirits) was considered to be an anthropomorphic bird-footed, wind or night demon and was often described as a sexual predator who subsisted on the blood of babies and their mothers. Instead, Japanese folklore tells tales of newborns arriving courtesy of a giant peach floating down the river. Alternately, they may surround the grave with a red woolen thread, ignite the thread, and wait until it was burnt up. Finally, a person with red hair and blue eyes was seen as a potential strigoi. In: belief in vampires in parts of New England, List of vampires in folklore and mythology, "The Alphabet of Ben Sira Question #5 (23a-b)", "Encyclopædia Britannica Article: Lamashtu", "La mythologie slave : problèmes de répartition dialectale (une étude de cas : le vampire)", "Skeletons treated for vampirism found in Bulgaria", "Mujeres y otros demonios: Brujería e Inquisición en Canarias", "Bioarcheological and biocultural evidence for the New England vampire folk belief", Motif Index of Vampires in Folklore, Literature, and Film, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vampire_folklore_by_region&oldid=1007388617, Articles with Ukrainian-language sources (uk), Articles with unsourced statements from September 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2014, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, The legend of Abhartach – an evil tyrant who repeatedly escapes his grave to spread terror (and in some accounts to drink the blood of his subjects, to be one of the, This page was last edited on 17 February 2021, at 21:47. [86], The Malaysian Penanggalan may be either a beautiful old or young woman who obtained her beauty through the active use of black magic or other unnatural means, and is most commonly described in local folklores to be dark or demonic in nature. [18] The Romanian vampire breed named Strigoï has no direct relation to the Greek striges, but was derived from the Roman term strix, as is the name of the Albanian Shtriga and the Slavic Strzyga, though myths about these creatures are more similar to their Slavic equivalents. [4] Almost every nation has associated blood drinking with some kind of revenant or demon, from the ghouls of Arabia to the goddess Sekhmet of Egypt. She is able to detach her fanged head which flies around in the night looking for blood, typically from pregnant women. [27] Despite being called the Age of Enlightenment, during which most folkloric legends were quelled, the belief in vampires increased dramatically, resulting in what could only be called a mass hysteria throughout most of Europe. They include shtriga and dhampir. The family commissions the sorcerer in their village to travel to the place of the person's death, locate the corpse, and to write a spell and stick it upon the corpses's face, in which the spell-paper contains their name, birthdate, and some other words to reanimate the corpse. While the creature of this story isn’t technically a vampire, he has a vampiric taste for blood that would rival … "Motiv antropofágie jako součást světové mytologie a folkloru" [Anthropophagy as a part of international mythology and folklore]. These draugar are depicted as being driven by greed and unwillingness to part with their worldly belongings and are in many ways similar to dragons. It tells of Yosef the Peddler who wanders a great East European forest and encounters a lonely house inhabited by a mysterious lady named Helen. The vampire escaped, however, and removed itself to the hill country. Another popular story of the kappas told of one who lived at Koda Pond. [63] Local reports cited the local vampire Giure Grando of the village Kringa near Tinjan as the cause of panic among the villagers. The term Loogaroo possibly comes from the French loup-garou (meaning 'werewolf') and is common in the culture of Mauritius. A kappa tried to pull the horse into the pond, but the horse bolted and ran home. I believe the name is somewhere along this line, but I heard this name being said in 2017 and I’m not sure if I’m remembering correctly. One of the most well known stories of Nobel Prize winning Israeli writer Shmuel Yosef Agnon is "The Lady and the Peddler" (האדונית והרוכל). In "The Kiss of Death", the daughter of the demon king Ashmodai snatches the breath of a man who has betrayed her, strongly reminiscent of a fatal kiss of a vampire. In most cases, vampires are revenants of evil beings, suicide victims, or witches, but can also be created by a malevolent spirit possessing a corpse or a living person being bitten by a vampire themselves. The 12th-century English historians and chroniclers Walter Map and William of Newburgh recorded accounts of revenants,[2][25] though records in English legends of vampiric beings after this date are scant. (2006–07), Black Blood Brothers (2006–2008), and Rosario + Vampire (2008). [81] The most famous, and most recently recorded, case of suspected vampirism is that of nineteen-year-old Mercy Brown, who died in Exeter, Rhode Island in 1892. However, they have been known to leave the water to steal melons and cucumbers, to rape women, and to attack people for their livers. The Abs, like a river, go along a certain path and remember it very carefully. [22] In common with vampires, this version of Lilith was held to be able to transform herself into an animal, usually a cat, and charm her victims into believing that she is benevolent or irresistible. In The Legend of the Eight Samurai (1984), director Kinji Fukasaku offered a Japanese version of the Elizabeth Bathory story in which an evil princess bathes in blood to keep her youth. Vampires were created by the Pillar Men with acupuncture techniques that they developed through the use of the Stone Mask. In most cases he is said to be a giant who towers over his human victims. [5][6], Many cultures in ancient Mesopotamia had stories involving blood-drinking demons. A farmer retrieved the arm, and that night the kappa approached the farmer to ask for its return. The vampire, who was usually male, was also sexually active and could have children, either with his widow or a new wife. His entire body is coloured scarlet with dripping blood. In the Labartu texts she is described; "Wherever she comes, wherever she appears, she brings evil and destruction. In the Canary Islands there was also a belief in vampiric beings, here in the form of blood-sucking witch. [61] If a noise was heard at night and suspected to be made by a vampire sneaking around someone's house, one would shout "Come tomorrow, and I will give you some salt," or "Go, pal, get some fish, and come back. His mouth is filled with decomposing human flesh and his breath is foul. [36] This comparison of Icelandic draugar to vampires is not entirely new as it was also made by Andrew Lang in 1897 when he called the draugur Glámr in Grettir's Saga a vampire. Other causes included having a cat jump across one's grave, eating meat from a sheep killed by a wolf, and being cursed. 1 Background 2 Members 2.1 Generals 2.2 Other members 3 Gallery 3.1 Screenshots 3.2 Concept art 4 Trivia 5 See also 6 References These … [66] Similar to other European beliefs, male vampires could father children, known as dhampirs, who could be hired to detect and get rid of vampires. Vrykolakas were usually thought to be indistinguishable from living people, giving rise to many folk tales with this theme. [69] According to the late Serbian ethnologist Tatomir Vukanović, Roma people in Kosovo believed that vampires were invisible to most people, but could be seen by a twin brother and sister born on a Saturday who wore their clothes inside out. A vampire named Saya, who is part of covert government agency that hunts and destroys demons in a post-WWII Japan, is inserted in a military school to discover which one of her classmates is a demon in disguise. In Cambodia, the Ab (Khmer: អ឵ប), similar to the Penanggalan is either a young or an old woman which detaches her head at night through windows of houses looking for lungs, hearts and blood of dead or alive animals and returns to her body in the day. Films like Encounters of the Spooky Kind and Mr. Vampire were released during the jiangshi cinematic boom of the 1980s and 1990s. The Nukekubi is a being whose head and neck detach from its body to fly about seeking human prey at night. Others who were at risk of becoming vampires were those who died an unnatural death or before baptism. A person born with a caul, an extra nipple, a tail, or extra hair[39] was doomed to become a vampire. "[58] They can be men or women who show themselves at crossroads, bridges, caves, and graveyards and frighten the locals by terrorizing their homes and drinking their blood. These types are humans born with a tail, and they can shape shift like a werewolf but they have control over their transformation. [67], Anyone who had a horrible appearance, was missing a finger, or had appendages similar to those of an animal was believed to be a vampire. The persons so sucked waned, grew pale, and fell into consumption; while the sucking corpses grew fat, got rosy, and enjoyed an excellent appetite. In Asturias highlights the Guaxa, which is described as an old vampire who sticks his single tooth and sucks the blood of its victims. Red rays radiate from his bloodshot eyes. [64] A former peasant, Guire died in 1656; however, local villagers claimed he returned from the dead and began drinking blood from the people and sexually harassing his widow. [17] Like Lamia, the striges feasted on children, but also preyed on adults. It is also known as phi dip chin in Thai, hantu pocong in Malay, and vampir cina in Indonesia. In Yokai Daisenso, a provincial governor was possessed by a bloodsucking Babylonian demon, an early signal of the coming absorption of Western elements in the Japanese movies. To ward off attacks from Lilith, parents used to hang amulets around their child's cradle. Japanese vampires have almost the same characteristics as the Western vampire, but the Japanese placed a higher emphasis on the beauty of the vampire. Japanese Translation. Such a relationship was illustrated in the story of “The Kappa of Fukiura.” The kappa near Fukiura was a troublesome creature until one day it lost an arm trying to attack a horse. Today we shall travel to the wonderfully dark world of vampire myth and legend, to a Japanese tale of a bloodthirsty beast named Shuten Dōji (Drunken Boy). [94] Jiangshi legends have inspired a genre of jiangshi films and literature in Hong Kong and East Asia. Icelandic scholars such as Úlfhildur Dagsdóttir and Ármann Jakobsson have argued that the Icelandic draugur has more in common with the eastern-European vampire than it has with most beings categorized as ghosts. India also developed other vampiric legends. To prevent vampires from rising from the dead, their hearts were pierced with iron nails while resting in their graves, or their bodies burned and the ashes scattered. [84] In northern India, there is the BrahmarākŞhasa, a vampire-like creature with a head encircled by intestines and a skull from which it drank blood. The man later found his horse along with the kappa. [20] Pishacha, the returned spirits of evil-doers or those who died insane, also bear vampiric attributes.[21]. [55] During cholera epidemics in the 19th century, there were cases of people being burned alive by their neighbors on charges of being vampires. Finally, one young guard was able to stay awake and saw the vampire in the form of the young girl. "It was me, Dio!" [2] The panic began with an outbreak of alleged vampire attacks in East Prussia in 1721 and in the Habsburg Monarchy from 1725 to 1734, which spread to other localities. [15] She was said to watch pregnant women vigilantly, particularly when they went into labor. So too would a child born out of wedlock. The deceased were often exhumed from their graves after three years of death and the remains placed in a box by relatives; wine was poured over them while a priest would read from scriptures. Over time the first two terms became general words to describe witches and demons respectively. An egg would be broken and a nail driven into the floor beneath the bier of the house of a recently deceased person. Corpses had their mouths filled with glass beads, eggs under each armpit, and needles in their palms to prevent them from becoming langsuir.[92]. [29] In his Philosophical Dictionary, Voltaire wrote:[30]. [6][19] Greek vampiric entities are seen once again in Homer's epic Odyssey. The same fate applied to the seventh child in any family if all of his or her previous siblings were of the same sex, as well as someone born too early or someone whose mother had encountered a black cat crossing her path. — С.101-120. Halloween events at theme parks. Her father, assisted by the family physician, removed her from her tomb two months after her death and her heart was cut out and burnt to ashes. 吸血鬼. It was in Poland, Hungary, Silesia, Moravia, Austria, and Lorraine, that the dead made this good cheer. The Hebrew word "Alukah" (literal translation is "leech") is synonymous with vampirism or vampires, as is "Motetz Dam" (literally, "blood sucker"). [68] Dogs, cats, plants or even agricultural tools could become vampires; pumpkins or melons kept in the house too long would start to move, make noises or show blood. They also prefer to eat entrails (specifically the heart and the liver) and the phlegm of sick people. How to say vampire in Japanese. There are many documented cases of families disinterring loved ones and removing their hearts in the belief that the deceased was a vampire who was responsible for sickness and death in the family, although the term "vampire" was never actually used to describe the deceased. [citation needed], Romanian vampires were said to bite their victims over the heart or between the eyes,[41] and sudden deaths could indicate the presence of a vampire. Self-Injury Awareness Day (SIAD) is a global event held annually on March 1. [95][96], In Sri Lanka the belief of Riri Yaka (Blood Demon) can be found. He is closely associated with Mara, the demon king of death. The deadly disease tuberculosis, or "consumption" as it was known at the time, was believed to be caused by nightly visitations on the part of a dead family member who had died of consumption themselves. Ukrainian and Belarusian legends are more "conventional", although in Ukraine the vampires may sometimes not be described as dead at all,[54] or may be seen as engaging in vampirism long before death. The Icelandic Draugur (plural draugar) is usually translated as "ghost", but unlike mainland ghosts Icelandic undead were believed to be corporeal. [27] In the second case, Arnold Paole, an ex-soldier turned farmer who allegedly was attacked by a vampire years before, died while haying. There are two main vampire-like creatures in the Philippines: the Tagalog Mandurugo ("blood-sucker") and the Visayan manananggal ("self-segmenter"). It is an army conformed by diverse creatures of the night the Vampire Lord gathered to wage a war against all mankind. It had a shell similar to a tortoise and smelled fishy. Eventually, however, he discovers that she is in the habit of killing her husbands, devouring them and drinking their blood, which keeps her young and beautiful, and that she had done it to 17 men before him. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. If you mean the more traditional version, 吸血鬼(きゅうけつき), you can hear that too. Finally, it was deduced that the girl was a malevolent spirit who had targeted the prince. There she appears as a child-stealing and child-killing female demon,[11] in the manner of Lamia and Lilith. Despite the occurrence of vampire-like creatures in these ancient civilizations, the folklore for the entity we know today as the vampire originates almost exclusively from early 18th-century Southeastern Europe,[1] particularly Transylvania as verbal traditions of many ethnic groups of the region were recorded and published. ), Ármann Jakobsson: "Vampires and Watchmen: Categorizing the Medieval Icelandic Undead"" (Journal of English and Germanic Philology, July 2011. Other texts maintain that running backwards uphill with a lit candle and a turtle would ward off a stalking vampire. A few lines in Yiddish are shown as dialog between the prophet Elijah and Lilith, in which she has come with a host of demons to kill the mother, take her newborn and "to drink her blood, suck her bones and eat her flesh". [38] Strigoi were said to have the ability to send out their souls at night to meet with other strigoi and consume the blood of livestock and neighbours. According to Ármann medieval Icelandic undead can be put into two categories. Married abs go to bed quickly and start detaching their heads. vampire translate: 吸血鬼. Afterwards, she would snatch the newborn from the mother to drink its blood and eat its flesh. Graves were often opened five or seven years after burial and the corpse checked for vampirism, before being washed and reburied.[42][43]. Japan-America Society of Greater Austin, Inc. Japan-America Society of Southern Colorado, Japan-Australia Economic Partnership Agreement. In Thompson's Motif-Index of Folk-Literature, the vampire appears in the classification as Motif "E.251.Vampires". Among Japan’s 1960s vampire movies was Kuroneko (1968), which built upon the vampire cat legend. People who display energy vampire traits generally lack empathy, consideration, and/or emotional maturity.As a result of the pain or insecurity they feel inside, energy vampires are addicted to preying on the vitality of others as an attempt to heal their inner suffering. [77] Aloe vera hung backwards behind or near a door was thought to ward off vampiric beings in South American superstition. From there, reports of its work were soon received. Book of Dreams and Ghosts. 10 eps. Action Military Horror Supernatural … Today we shall travel to the wonderfully dark world of vampire myth and legend, to a Japanese tale of a bloodthirsty beast named Shuten Dōji (Drunken Boy). Calmet amassed reports of vampire incidents; numerous readers, including both a critical Voltaire and supportive demonologists, interpreted the treatise as claiming that vampires existed. It had a concave head that held water. In Homer's tale, the undead are too insubstantial to be heard by the living and cannot communicate with them without drinking blood first. Kikuchi went on to write a series of Vampire Hunter D novels and Amano illustrated the movie’s sequel Vampire Hunter D: Bloodlust (2000), and the covers of the novels. Ginza is known as the posh district of Tokyo, where wealthy Japanese come to shop for brand clothing and go to fancy restaurants, therefore I was surprised that the Vampire cafe was located here. Female vampires could return, lead a normal life and even marry but would eventually exhaust the husband with their sexual appetite. From that time forward, as reported by the villagers, the kappa would warn them by saying, “Don’t let the children go out to the beach, for the guest is coming.” The guest was another kappa, not bound by the Kappa of Fukiura’s agreement. She also tries to kill Yosef but fails, wounds herself and eventually dies. It was followed by Vampire Hunter D (1985) and Vampire Princess Miyu (1988), some of the most watched of the Japanese features in the West. Hellsing Ultimate. Lang, Andrew (1897). This vampire café is located in Ginza, Japan, and has been running since 2001. First finding refuge these from a pouring rain, he is eventually seduced to stay and enter into a sexual relationship. [22] However, she and her daughters usually strangle rather than drain victims, and in the Kabbalah, she retains many attributes found in vampires. She appeared as an attractive woman with long black hair that covered a hole in the back of her neck, which she sucked the blood of children with. She further recorded the story that after draining blood from a victim, the shtriga would generally go off into the woods and regurgitate it. The village leader ordered a stake to be driven through his heart, but when the method failed to kill him, he was subsequently beheaded with better results. A cross between what current fiction/legends portray as zombies and vampires, the hooh-strah-dooh was an evil spirit that inhabited recently dead bodies and caused the corpse to rise and devour the living. The vampire theme was carried into the 1990s with such movies as Tale of a Vampire, directed by Shimako Sato and based upon the Edgar Allan Poe poem, “Annabel Lee.” By the end of the 1990s, manga, the Japanese comic books, and animé, the animated version of comic art, had found an audience, and amid the hundreds of titles making their way to the West were a representative number of vampire titles. Lamashtu is a historically older image that left a mark on the figure of Lilith. [80] During the late 18th and 19th centuries, there was a widespread belief in vampires in parts of New England, particularly in Rhode Island and Eastern Connecticut. While no vampire in the series has been seen transforming into a full bat, it does appear some are able to sprout bat wings out of their back. [78] Aztec mythology described tales of the Cihuateteo, skeletal-faced spirits of those who died in childbirth who stole children and entered into sexual liaisons with the living, driving them mad. The Bhūta or Préta is the soul of a man who died an untimely death. Only the shtriga herself could cure those she had drained. Most of them do not allow anyone to go into the room, and their husbands are afraid of them. It was followed by Vampire Hunter D (1985) and Vampire Princess Miyu (1988), some of the most watched of the Japanese features in the West. The prince organized a great hunt, and the vampire was finally killed. Although many scholars reported during this period that vampires did not exist, and attributed reports to premature burial or rabies, superstitious belief continued to increase. Vampires were created by the Pillar Men with acupuncture techniques that they developed through the use of the Stone Mask. The second category are "tilberadraugar" (a tilberi is a type of undead in Icelandic folklore, a human rib given life by drinking the blood of a witch and then sent out to steal milk and money), parasitic ghosts who roam the earth and harass the living and try to drive them mad or even kill them, often by dragging them into their graves, and thereby turn their victims into more draugar.
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